How Many Teeth Do Dogs Have? Complete Guide to Dog Dental Care

As dog owners, we want the best for our furry friends, and that includes taking care of their dental health. Just like humans, dogs have teeth that require proper care and attention. But have you ever wondered how many teeth dogs have? Can they lose their teeth like we do? In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the fascinating world of canine dental care, from the number of teeth dogs have at different stages of life to the importance of dental hygiene. So let’s dive in and discover everything you need to know about your dog‘s teeth.

1. Puppy Teeth: A Precious Beginning

Number of Puppy Teeth

Puppies are born without teeth, but they begin to grow their milk teeth, also known as deciduous teeth, at around 3 to 4 weeks of age. By the time they are 3 to 5 months old, puppies usually have a full set of 28 puppy teeth. These include incisors, canines, and premolars.

Types of Puppy Teeth

Just like adult dogs, puppies have different types of teeth that serve various functions. The three types of puppy teeth are:

• Incisors: Puppies have six incisors on the top jaw and six on the bottom jaw. These teeth are small and are used for grasping objects, such as food or toys.
• Canines: Puppies have two canines on the top jaw and two on the bottom jaw. Canines are the longest teeth in a dog’s mouth and are used for tearing and holding objects.
• Premolars: Puppies have six premolars on the top jaw and six on the bottom jaw. These teeth are located behind the canines and are used for grinding and crushing food.

The Role of Puppy Teeth

Puppy teeth play an essential role in a young dog‘s life. They help puppies explore their environment, chew on toys and food, and establish a strong bite. Puppy teeth also serve as placeholders for adult teeth, ensuring that the proper spacing and alignment will occur when the adult teeth erupt. As your puppy grows, these teeth will naturally start to fall out, making way for the permanent teeth to come in.

2. Adult Dog Teeth: The Full Set

Number of Adult Dog Teeth

As puppies transition into adulthood, their baby teeth are gradually replaced by permanent teeth. Adult dogs have a total of 42 teeth in their mouth, compared to the 32 teeth in a human mouth. The upper jaw, also known as the maxilla, contains 20 teeth, while the lower jaw, called the mandible, holds 22 teeth.

Types of Adult Dog Teeth

Just like with puppy teeth, adult dogs have different types of teeth that serve specific functions. The four types of adult dog teeth are:

• Incisors: Adult dogs have six incisors on the top jaw and six on the bottom jaw. These teeth are used for grasping objects and grooming.
• Canines: Adult dogs have two canines on the top jaw and two on the bottom jaw. Canines are the long, pointy teeth used for tearing and holding objects.
• Premolars: Adult dogs have eight premolars on the top jaw and eight on the bottom jaw. These teeth are located behind the canines and are used for grinding and crushing food.
• Molars: Adult dogs have four molars on the top jaw and six on the bottom jaw. Molars are the large, flat teeth located at the back of the mouth. They are primarily used for grinding and chewing food.

The Functions of Different Teeth

Each type of tooth in a dog’s mouth serves a specific function. Here’s a breakdown of the functions of different teeth:

• Incisors: Incisors are used for grabbing and holding objects, such as toys or food. They also play a role in grooming by removing debris from the fur.
• Canines: Canines are the sharp, pointed teeth used for tearing and holding objects. They are essential for a dog’s ability to grip and chew.
• Premolars: Premolars are used for shearing and grinding food. They have a larger surface area compared to canines and incisors, allowing dogs to break down their food more efficiently.
• Molars: Molars are the largest teeth in a dog’s mouth and are primarily responsible for grinding and crushing food into smaller pieces. They aid in the digestion process by breaking down food before it is swallowed.

Understanding the different types and functions of adult dog teeth can help you appreciate the complexity of your dog’s dental structure and the importance of proper dental care.

3. Transitioning from Puppy Teeth to Adult Teeth

Eruption of Permanent Teeth

As puppies grow and develop, their puppy teeth are gradually replaced by permanent teeth. The eruption of permanent teeth usually occurs between the ages of 3 and 7 months. During this time, the puppy teeth start to loosen and fall out, making room for the adult teeth to come in.

The eruption of permanent teeth follows a specific pattern. The incisors are usually the first to erupt, followed by the canines and premolars. The molars are the last to come in, and they may continue to erupt until the dog is around 7 months old.

Retained Puppy Teeth

In some cases, puppies may not naturally lose their baby teeth, resulting in retained puppy teeth. This condition is more common in toy and small breed dogs. Retained puppy teeth can cause problems as the adult teeth start to come in, as the retained teeth can interfere with the proper alignment of the adult teeth.

If you notice that your puppy’s baby teeth are not falling out on their own, it is important to consult your veterinarian. They can determine if any intervention is necessary, such as extracting the retained teeth to prevent dental issues in the future.

The Importance of Proper Transition

The transition from puppy teeth to adult teeth is a crucial stage in a dog’s dental development. It is essential to monitor this process and ensure that the adult teeth come in properly aligned and free from any obstructions. Proper dental care during this transition period sets the foundation for your dog’s lifelong dental health.

During the transition, it is also an excellent opportunity to introduce good dental hygiene practices. Getting your puppy accustomed to toothbrushing and regular dental care early on can make it easier to maintain their dental health as they grow into adulthood.

4. Dental Care for Dogs

Brushing Your Dog’s Teeth

One of the most effective ways to maintain your dog’s dental health is by brushing their teeth regularly. Brushing helps remove plaque and prevent the buildup of tartar, which can lead to gum disease and tooth decay. Ideally, you should brush your dog’s teeth daily, but even a few times a week can make a significant difference.

To brush your dog’s teeth, start by choosing a toothbrush specifically designed for dogs. These toothbrushes often have bristles that are angled to reach all areas of your dog’s mouth. You can also use a finger brush or a piece of gauze wrapped around your finger if your dog is not comfortable with a toothbrush.

Next, select a toothpaste formulated for dogs. [Addition Information: Avoid using human toothpaste, as it can contain ingredients that are harmful to dogs if ingested. Dog toothpaste comes in a variety of flavors that are appealing to dogs, such as poultry or beef flavors. This can make the brushing experience more enjoyable for your furry friend.

When brushing, gently lift your dog’s lips and brush their teeth using circular motions. Pay extra attention to the gum line, as this is where plaque tends to accumulate. Gradually increase the duration of each brushing session as your dog becomes more comfortable with the process.

Choosing the Right Toothbrush and Toothpaste

When selecting a toothbrush for your dog, consider the size and shape of their mouth. Use a toothbrush with bristles that can reach all areas of your dog’s teeth. Some toothbrushes have a dual-head design, with smaller bristles on one end for smaller teeth and larger bristles on the other end for larger teeth.

As for toothpaste, make sure to choose a product specifically formulated for dogs. Dog toothpaste is safe to swallow and does not contain harmful ingredients found in human toothpaste. [Additional Information: Some toothpaste formulas also contain enzymes that help break down plaque and freshen your dog’s breath.]

Professional Dental Cleanings

Regular dental cleanings by a veterinarian are an essential part of your dog’s dental care routine. While brushing at home helps maintain dental health, professional cleanings are necessary to remove any stubborn plaque or tartar that has accumulated.

During a professional dental cleaning, your dog will be placed under anesthesia to ensure their comfort and safety. The veterinarian will thoroughly clean your dog’s teeth, including scaling to remove plaque and tartar, polishing to smooth the tooth surfaces, and, if necessary, extracting any severely damaged or infected teeth.

Professional dental cleanings also allow the veterinarian to perform a comprehensive examination of your dog’s mouth, gums, and teeth, ensuring the early detection and treatment of any dental issues.

Dental Diets and Treats

Another way to support your dog’s dental health is by incorporating dental diets and treats into their routine. These specialized products are designed to promote dental hygiene by reducing plaque and tartar buildup.

Dental diets typically consist of kibble with a specific texture that helps clean the teeth as your dog chews. The abrasive action of the kibble on the teeth helps remove plaque and massage the gums. Some dental diets also contain ingredients that help reduce bacterial growth in the mouth.

Dental treats are another option to consider. These treats are specifically designed to promote dental health by reducing plaque and freshening your dog’s breath. They often have a chewy texture that helps remove plaque as your dog chews. Look for treats with the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) seal, as these have been tested and proven to be effective in reducing plaque and tartar.

It is important to note that dental diets and treats should not be used as a substitute for regular toothbrushing and professional dental cleanings. They should be seen as complementary to a comprehensive dental care routine.

5. Common Dental Issues in Dogs

Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease is one of the most common dental issues in dogs. It is caused by the accumulation of plaque and tartar on the teeth, leading to inflammation of the gums and damage to the structures that support the teeth.

The early stage of periodontal disease is known as gingivitis, which is characterized by red, swollen gums that may bleed easily. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more advanced stage that involves irreversible damage to the gums, teeth, and jawbone.

Signs of periodontal disease in dogs include bad breath, excessive drooling, difficulty chewing, and red, swollen, or bleeding gums. Regular dental care, including toothbrushing and professional cleanings, can help prevent and manage periodontal disease.

Tooth Decay and Cavities

While tooth decay and cavities are more commonly associated with humans, they can also affect dogs. Tooth decay occurs when the protective layer of enamel on the teeth is damaged, allowing bacteria to penetrate the tooth structure and cause decay.

Cavities, or dental caries, are small holes that form in the teeth as a result of tooth decay. They can be painful and lead to further dental issues if left untreated.

It is important to note that dogs are less prone to cavities compared to humans. The structure of their teeth and the composition of their saliva make it less favorable for cavities to develop. However, tooth decay can still occur, especially if proper dental care is neglected.

Fractured or Broken Teeth

Dogs are known for their strong jaws and love for chewing on things. However, this can sometimes lead to fractured or broken teeth. Fractured teeth can result from chewing on hard objects, trauma to the mouth, or accidents.

Signs of a fractured or broken tooth in dogs include pain, swelling, bleeding, difficulty eating or chewing, and pawing at the mouth. If you suspect that your dog has a fractured tooth, it is important to seek veterinary care promptly to determine the best course of action.

Treatment options for fractured teeth may include root canal therapy, dental bonding, or extraction, depending on the severity of the fracture and the affected tooth.

Gum Disease and Gingivitis

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common dental issue in dogs. It is caused by the buildup of plaque and tartar on the teeth, leading to inflammation of the gums.

The early stage of gum disease is known as gingivitis, which is characterized by red, swollen gums that may bleed easily. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more advanced stage that involves irreversible damage to the gums, teeth, and jawbone.

Preventing gum disease requires regular dental care, including toothbrushing, professional cleanings, and monitoring your dog’s dental health for any signs of inflammation or infection.

6. Signs of Dental Problems in Dogs

Bad Breath

One of the most common signs of dental issues in dogs is bad breath, also known as halitosis. While dogs may naturally have some odor to their breath, excessive or foul-smelling breath can indicate underlying dental problems.

Bad breath in dogs is often caused by the accumulation of plaque and tartar on the teeth, leading to bacterial growth and the production of foul-smelling gases. It can also be a sign of gum disease, tooth decay, or an infection in the mouth.

If your dog has persistent bad breath, it is important to have their dental health evaluated by a veterinarian to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

Excessive Drooling

While some drooling is normal for dogs, excessive drooling can be a sign of dental issues. Excessive drooling, also known as hypersalivation, can occur due to pain or discomfort in the mouth, such as gum disease, tooth decay, or oral infections.

If you notice that your dog is drooling more than usual or has a change in their drooling patterns, it is essential to have their dental health assessed by a veterinarian. [Additional Information: Excessive drooling can also be a sign of other health issues, so it is important to consult with a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis.]

Red, Swollen, or Bleeding Gums

Healthy gums in dogs should appear pink, firm, and free from swelling or bleeding. However, if you notice that your dog’s gums are red, swollen, or bleeding, it may be a sign of gum disease or gingivitis.

Gum disease occurs when plaque and tartar accumulate along the gum line, causing inflammation and damage to the gums. If left untreated, it can progress to more severe stages, leading to tooth loss and other dental issues.

If you observe any signs of gum inflammation or bleeding, it is important to have your dog’s dental health evaluated by a veterinarian. Early intervention can help prevent further progression of gum disease and maintain your dog’s oral health.

Difficulty Chewing or Loss of Appetite

Dental problems can make it painful or uncomfortable for dogs to chew their food. If you notice that your dog is having difficulty chewing or has a decreased appetite, it may be a sign of dental issues.

Pain or discomfort in the mouth can make it challenging for dogs to bite, chew, or swallow their food. They may exhibit behaviors such as dropping food, taking longer to eat, or avoiding hard or crunchy foods.

If your dog is experiencing difficulty chewing or has a loss of appetite, it is crucial to consult with a veterinarian to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment. Dental issues can significantly impact a dog’s overall well-being, so early intervention is key.

7. Preventive Measures for Good Dental Health

Regular Dental Examinations

Regular dental examinations by a veterinarian are essential for maintaining your dog’s dental health. During a dental examination, the veterinarian will assess your dog’s teeth, gums, and mouth for any signs of dental issues, such as plaque buildup, gum inflammation, or tooth decay.

Dental examinations can help detect dental problems early on and allow for prompt treatment. They also provide an opportunity for you to discuss any concerns or questions you may have about your dog’s dental care.

It is recommended to schedule dental examinations at least once a year, or as recommended by your veterinarian. However, some dogs may require more frequent dental check-ups, especially those with a history of dental issues or breeds prone to dental problems.

Healthy Diet and Chewing Toys

A nutritious diet plays a significant role in maintaining your dog’s dental health. Feeding your dog a balanced diet that meets their nutritional needs can help support healthy teeth and gums. [Additional Information: Certain diets, such as dental diets, can have specific ingredients or textures that promote dental health.]

Chewing toys and treats can also contribute to good dental hygiene. Chew toys, such as dental chews or specially designed toys, can help remove plaque and tartar as your dog chews. However, it is important to choose toys that are appropriate for your dog’s size and chewing habits to prevent choking or dental damage.

When selecting chew toys or treats, look for those that have the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) seal, as they have been tested and proven to be effective in reducing plaque and tartar.

Water Additives and Mouthwashes

Water additives and mouthwashes can be used as additional measures to support your dog’s dental health. These products are designed to help reduce plaque and freshen your dog’s breath.

Water additives are simply added to your dog’s drinking water, providing a continuous antimicrobial effect as your dog drinks. Mouthwashes, on the other hand, are applied directly to your dog’s mouth, typically after toothbrushing, to help kill bacteria and reduce plaque buildup.

It is important to consult with your veterinarian before using any water additives or mouthwashes for your dog. They can provide guidance on the appropriate products and usage to ensure the best results for your dog’s dental health.

Monitoring Dental Hygiene at Home

In addition to regular dental care performed by a veterinarian, it is crucial to monitor your dog’s dental hygiene at home. This includes observing their teeth and gums for any signs of inflammation, tartar buildup, or other dental issues.

You can also establish a routine for at-home dental care, such as daily toothbrushing or providing dental treats or toys. Consistency is key when it comes to maintaining your dog’s dental health.

If you notice any changes in your dog’s dental health, such as bad breath, swollen gums, or difficulty chewing, it is important to consult with your veterinarian for an evaluation and appropriate treatment.

8. The Link Between Dental Health and Overall Well-being

Systemic Effects of Poor Dental Health

Maintaining good dental health is not only crucial for your dog’s oral hygiene but also for their overall well-being. Poor dental health can have systemic effects on various organs in your dog’s body, including the heart, liver, and kidneys.

The accumulation of plaque and tartar can lead to the development of bacteria in the mouth. If left untreated, these bacteria can enter the bloodstream and travel to other parts of the body, causing infections and inflammation.

Studies have shown that the bacteria associated with dental disease can contribute to the development of conditions such as endocarditis (inflammation of the heart valves), liver disease, and kidney disease. By addressing your dog’s dental health, you can help reduce the risk of these systemic complications.

The Importance of Regular Vet Check-ups

Regular veterinary check-ups are essential for maintaining your dog’s overall health, including their dental health. During routine examinations, veterinarians can assess your dog’s teeth, gums, and mouth for any signs of dental issues and provide appropriate treatment or recommendations.

Veterinary check-ups also allow for the early detection and prevention of other health issues that may affect your dog’s dental health. Regular vaccinations, parasite prevention, and overall wellness assessments are all part of comprehensive veterinary care.

By scheduling regular check-ups for your dog, you are taking proactive steps to ensure their overall well-being and longevity.

Addressing Dental Issues Promptly

Dental issues in dogs should never be ignored or underestimated. If you notice any signs of dental problems, such as bad breath, swollen gums, or difficulty eating, it is crucial to address them promptly.

Early intervention and treatment can help prevent the progression of dental issues and minimize the risk of complications. Ignoring dental problems can lead to pain, infection, tooth loss, and systemic health issues.

If you have any concerns about your dog’s dental health, do not hesitate to consult with your veterinarian. They can provide guidance, perform necessary treatments, and offer recommendations for maintaining your dog’s dental health in the long term.

9. Dental Care for Different Dog Breeds

Small and Toy Breeds

Small and toy breeds, such as Chihuahuas, Yorkshire Terriers, and Shih Tzus, are prone to dental issues due to their small jaw size and crowded teeth. Their teeth are often close together, making it easier for plaque and tartar to accumulate.

Regular dental care, including toothbrushing, professional cleanings, and monitoring for any signs of dental issues, is especially important for small and toy breeds. It is also essential to choose appropriate chew toys and treats that are suitable for their smaller mouths.

Medium and Large Breeds

Medium and large breeds, such as Labradors, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherds, are generally less prone to dental issues compared to smaller breeds. However, they still require regular dental care to maintain optimal oral health.

Regular toothbrushing, professional cleanings, and a balanced diet can help prevent dental problems in medium and large breeds. Monitoring their dental health and addressing any issues promptly is key to ensuring long-term dental well-being.

Brachycephalic Breeds

Brachycephalic breeds, such as Bulldogs, Pugs, and Boxers, have unique dental challenges due to their flat faces and shortened muzzles. Their compacted facial structure can result in crowded teeth, misalignment, and difficulty cleaning their teeth properly.

Additional care and attention should be given to dental hygiene in brachycephalic breeds. Regular toothbrushing, professional cleanings, and close monitoring for any signs of dental issues are essential. It is also important to choose appropriate chew toys and treats that are easy for them to chew and do not pose a choking hazard.

Working and Sporting Breeds

Working and sporting breeds, such as Border Collies, Retrievers, and Pointers, are known for their active lifestyles and high energy levels. Their dental health can be influenced by their activities, such as chewing on toys or retrieving objects.

Regular dental care, including toothbrushing, professional cleanings, and appropriate chew toys, is crucial for working and sporting breeds. Monitoring their dental health and addressing any issues promptly can help ensure optimal performance and overall well-being.

FAQs

When do puppies start teething?

Puppies start teething at around 3 to 4 weeks of age. This is when their puppy teeth, or deciduous teeth, begin to erupt. The teething process continues until they are around 6 months old, when their permanent teeth have fully come in.

How often should I brush my dog’s teeth?

It is essential to brush your dog’s teeth at least twice daily, just like you do. Many dogs will start to anticipate and enjoy brushing once it becomes a part of their regular routine. The minimum recommended amount of brushing to help prevent tartar buildup and eliminate plaque is three times per week.

Can I use human toothpaste on my dog?

No. Ingredients in human toothpaste should not be consumed. If consumed, it may result in digestive problems or an upset stomach. Some human toothpastes have high sodium content that could harm your pet, while others might have xylitol (an artificial sweetener) that can be harmful to dogs.

What should I do if my dog loses a tooth?

Visit a vet with your animal companion. If the tooth is loose, he or she will be able to decide if it can be salvaged or if it needs to be pulled or removed. Sometimes a root canal can be done to keep a tooth from needing to be extracted. A trip to a dental professional may be necessary and costly for root canal procedures.